MedDroidSymptom guide
Ankle pain: causes, warning signs & what to do
Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS · Last reviewed
Medically reviewedAnkle pain is usually caused by a twist or sprain. Swelling and bruising are common; the key question is whether the bone may be broken.
Possible causes
Common causes of ankle pain
- Ankle sprain — rolling the foot inward, with swelling and bruising
- Fracture after a fall or twist
- Gout — sudden, red, very painful swelling
- Arthritis — osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis
- Achilles tendon irritation at the back of the ankle
- Swelling from fluid build-up, which can come from heart, kidney or vein problems
Self-care
What you can do now
- Rest, cold pack wrapped in cloth, gentle compression and elevation for the first 2–3 days after a sprain
- Start gentle movement as pain allows; most sprains improve in a few weeks
- Wear supportive shoes and avoid uneven ground while healing
- Balance exercises reduce the chance of repeat sprains
Red flags
When to see a doctor urgently
- Cannot take four steps on the foot, or the ankle looks deformed after injury
- Hot, red, swollen ankle with fever
- Calf pain and swelling in one leg (possible clot) — seek urgent care
- Both ankles swelling with breathlessness
Checks
Tests a doctor may suggest
Depending on your history and examination, a doctor may suggest some of these. Your doctor decides which, if any, you need.
Explore more
Related pages
References
Sources & further reading
Frequently asked questions
How do I know if my ankle is sprained or broken?
Severe pain over the bone, inability to take four steps, or deformity suggests a possible fracture and needs an X-ray. A sprain usually lets you walk with some pain.
How long does an ankle sprain take to heal?
Mild sprains often improve in one to three weeks; more severe ones can take longer. Gentle exercises help recovery.
Why are my ankles swollen without injury?
Long standing, heat, pregnancy and some medicines are common causes. Swelling in both ankles can also come from heart, kidney or liver problems.