Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS· Last reviewed
If you suspect a broken bone, the aim is to keep the injured part still and supported to prevent further damage and ease pain — and to know when it is an emergency.
1. Keep the person still and support the injured limb in the position found.
2. Do not try to straighten or “set” the bone.
3. Immobilise with a splint or padding, and support above and below the injury.
4. Apply a cold pack (wrapped) to reduce swelling and pain.
5. Raise the limb if possible, and give paracetamol for pain.
6. Go to hospital; call emergency services for severe injuries.
When to see a doctor urgently
Call emergency services for: a spine/neck/head injury, an open fracture (bone through skin), or a deformed limb
Numbness, a cold or blue limb, or no pulse beyond the injury
Do not move someone with a suspected spinal injury unless in danger
Do not give food or drink if surgery may be needed
Immobilise — do not realign. Splinting in the position found and getting an X-ray is safer than trying to straighten a bone. Suspected spinal injuries need special care — keep still and call for help. This is not a substitute for medical care.
Frequently asked questions
How do I know if a bone is broken?
Severe pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, or inability to use or bear weight suggest a fracture. Only an X-ray confirms it — so get it checked.
Should I try to straighten a broken limb?
No — support it in the position found and immobilise it. Trying to realign it can worsen the injury.
Is it a sprain or a fracture?
They can feel similar. Use R.I.C.E. (rest, ice, compression, elevation) for a sprain, but if pain, swelling or inability to use it are severe, get an X-ray.
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.