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Chronic Venous Insufficiency
A long-term condition where leg veins struggle to return blood to the heart, causing swelling, skin changes and sometimes ulcers.
Causes & risk factors
- Damaged or weak vein valves
- Previous deep vein thrombosis
- Varicose veins
- Prolonged standing and obesity
- Ageing
Common symptoms
- Leg swelling, worse at day-end
- Aching or heaviness
- Brown skin discolouration near ankle
- Itching
- Leg ulcers in advanced cases
Tests & diagnosis
- Duplex ultrasound of leg veins
- Physical examination
Treatment & management
- Compression stockings
- Leg elevation and regular exercise
- Weight loss and skin care
- Wound care for ulcers
- Procedures to close faulty veins (laser, radiofrequency or surgery)
When to see a doctor urgently
- See a doctor for persistent leg swelling or skin changes
- Seek care for a leg ulcer that will not heal
- Get urgent care for a hot, red, tender leg (possible clot or infection)
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about chronic venous insufficiency. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Can venous insufficiency be cured?
It is usually managed rather than cured; compression and vein procedures control symptoms and prevent ulcers.
Why do the ankles turn brown?
Long-standing high vein pressure leaks pigment into the skin, causing the typical discolouration.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.