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Pharyngitis (Sore Throat)
Pharyngitis is inflammation of the pharynx, the back of the throat. It causes a scratchy, painful throat and is most often due to a viral infection.
Causes & risk factors
- Viral infections such as the common cold or flu
- Bacterial infection such as streptococcus
- Dry air, smoke or air pollution
- Acid reflux
- Overuse of the voice
- Allergies with post-nasal drip
Common symptoms
- Sore, scratchy throat
- Painful swallowing
- Fever
- Cough
- Hoarse voice
- Swollen neck glands
Tests & diagnosis
- Throat examination
- Throat swab for strep
- Complete blood count (CBC)
Treatment & management
- Rest, warm fluids and salt-water gargles
- Lozenges and pain relief for comfort
- Staying hydrated
- Antibiotics only when a bacterial cause is confirmed
- Avoiding smoke and irritants
When to see a doctor urgently
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Sore throat lasting more than a week
- High fever, rash or drooling
- A lump in the neck or persistent hoarseness
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about pharyngitis (sore throat). It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
How do I know if it is strep throat?
Strep tends to cause a sudden severe sore throat with fever and no cough. A throat swab is the only way to confirm it and decide if antibiotics are needed.
How long does a sore throat last?
Most viral sore throats improve within a week. See a doctor if it lasts longer or is very severe.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.