Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS· Last reviewed
A semen analysis is the main test of male fertility. It looks at how many sperm there are, how well they move, and their shape. One result is only a snapshot — it is often repeated before drawing conclusions.
Sperm concentration: about 16 million per ml or more
Total motility (movement): about 42% or more
Normal shape (morphology): about 4% or more
Prepare with 2–5 days of abstinence before the test
When to see a doctor urgently
A single abnormal result should be confirmed with a repeat test
Very low or absent sperm needs specialist (andrology) assessment
Recent illness, fever or heat can temporarily lower results
Ranges vary; repeat before concluding. Reference values differ slightly between labs, and results vary over time, so tests are often repeated. A specialist interprets an abnormal result. MedDroid gives general information, not a diagnosis.
Frequently asked questions
What is a normal sperm count?
Roughly 16 million sperm per ml or more is considered within the reference range, but movement and shape matter too — and one result is only a snapshot.
How do I prepare for a semen analysis?
Usually 2–5 days without ejaculation beforehand, avoid alcohol and illness where possible, and follow the lab’s collection instructions.
My report is abnormal — what next?
It is usually repeated after a few weeks, and if still abnormal, a specialist (andrologist) looks for treatable causes like varicocele, infection or hormone problems.
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.