Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS· Last reviewed
Male factors are involved in about half of fertility problems, so it is not only about the woman. Many causes of low sperm count are treatable, and lifestyle changes can genuinely improve sperm health.
Stop smoking, limit alcohol, and avoid recreational drugs and anabolic steroids
Maintain a healthy weight and exercise moderately
Avoid excess heat to the testicles (very hot baths, laptops on the lap)
Treat causes like varicocele, infections or hormone problems
A semen analysis is the key first test for the man
When to see a doctor urgently
No pregnancy after 12 months of trying (or 6 months if the partner is over 35) — get checked
A testicular lump, pain or swelling (see a doctor)
Anabolic steroid or excess testosterone use badly harms sperm production
Previous mumps, undescended testis, or groin/testicular surgery
Both partners should be checked. Fertility involves both partners, and a simple semen analysis checks the man. Many causes are treatable, and steroid/testosterone misuse is a common, reversible cause of low counts. MedDroid gives general information, not a diagnosis.
Frequently asked questions
How can I increase my sperm count?
Stop smoking, limit alcohol, keep a healthy weight, avoid excess heat and steroids, and treat causes like varicocele. A semen analysis guides what will help most.
What is a semen analysis?
A lab test of a semen sample that checks sperm count, movement and shape. It is the main first test of male fertility.
Does testosterone help fertility?
No — taking testosterone or steroids actually suppresses sperm production and can cause infertility. Fertility problems need proper assessment, not testosterone.
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.