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Lamivudine: uses, side effects & brands
Lamivudine is an antiviral for HIV and hepatitis B, usually in combination. It belongs to the HIV & hepatitis antiviral group. These control HIV or viral hepatitis. They are taken long-term (or as a full course) under specialist care.
Drug type — dosing is set by your doctor
| Measure | Range |
|---|---|
| Drug class | HIV & hepatitis antiviral |
| Type | Prescription |
| Dose | Individual — ask your doctor or pharmacist |
What it is used for
- HIV infection, combined with other antivirals
- Chronic hepatitis B (less used now due to resistance)
- Part of many single-tablet HIV combinations
Common brand names
- India: Lamivir, 3TC
- Worldwide: Epivir
Common side effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Tiredness
- Diarrhoea
Before taking it — precautions
- Kidney problems may need dose changes
- Do not stop suddenly if you have hepatitis B
- Never use alone for HIV; resistance develops quickly
When to see a doctor urgently
- Yellow skin or eyes after stopping (hepatitis flare) (urgent)
- Severe tummy pain with vomiting (pancreatitis) (urgent)
- Severe rash or swelling (urgent)
Frequently asked questions
Is lamivudine taken alone?
For HIV it is always taken with other antivirals to prevent resistance.
Why is it less used for hepatitis B?
The virus easily becomes resistant to lamivudine over time, so newer drugs like entecavir or tenofovir are preferred.
Is it safe in pregnancy?
It has been widely used in pregnancy as part of HIV treatment; your doctor guides choices.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.