Dialysis (Overview)
Dialysis is a treatment that filters waste and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys can no longer do so. It is used in advanced kidney failure or, temporarily, in severe acute injury.
Causes & risk factors
- End-stage chronic kidney disease
- Severe acute kidney injury
- Dangerously high potassium or fluid overload
- Severe acidosis or uraemia not responding to other treatment
Common symptoms
Tests & diagnosis
Treatment & management
- Haemodialysis — blood cleaned by a machine, usually at a centre
- Peritoneal dialysis — the tummy lining filters blood, often done at home
- Fluid and diet advice alongside dialysis
- Preparing dialysis access (fistula or catheter)
- Assessment for a kidney transplant where suitable
When to see a doctor urgently
- Advanced kidney failure with severe symptoms
- Fluid overload with breathlessness — urgent
- High potassium with palpitations
- To plan dialysis access before it is urgently needed
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about dialysis (overview). It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Is dialysis permanent?
In chronic kidney failure it is usually long-term unless a transplant is possible. In acute kidney injury it may be temporary until the kidneys recover.
What is the difference between the two types?
Haemodialysis uses a machine, often three times a week at a centre. Peritoneal dialysis uses the abdomen lining and can be done at home daily. Your team advises which suits you.
Explore more
MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.