Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS· Last reviewed
Dandruff is a common, harmless scalp condition linked to a yeast and oily skin — not to poor hygiene. Medicated anti-dandruff shampoos, used correctly, control it well.
Leave the shampoo on for a few minutes before rinsing
Use regularly (2–3 times/week), then less often to maintain
Alternate shampoos if one stops working
It is not caused by poor hygiene or oiling
When to see a doctor urgently
A very red, itchy, scaly scalp spreading to the face (seborrhoeic dermatitis or psoriasis)
Hair loss with scalp scaling
No improvement with anti-dandruff shampoos — see a doctor
Control, not cure. Dandruff tends to come and go, so ongoing occasional use of a medicated shampoo keeps it in check. Persistent or severe scalp problems need a doctor. MedDroid gives general information, not a diagnosis.
Frequently asked questions
How do I get rid of dandruff?
Use a medicated anti-dandruff shampoo (ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide or salicylic acid), leaving it on a few minutes before rinsing, 2–3 times a week.
What causes dandruff?
A common yeast on oily scalp skin, plus individual sensitivity — not poor hygiene. Stress and weather can worsen it.
Does oiling cure dandruff?
No — heavy oiling can actually feed the yeast and worsen it. Medicated shampoos are the effective treatment.
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.