Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that inflames and ulcerates the lining of the large bowel (colon and rectum). It causes bloody diarrhoea and flares over time.
Causes & risk factors
- An overactive immune response in the colon lining
- Genetic tendency (family history)
- Changes in gut bacteria
- Environmental triggers
- The exact cause is not fully known
Common symptoms
Tests & diagnosis
Treatment & management
- Anti-inflammatory medicines (aminosalicylates) for mild disease
- Steroids for flares; immune-modifying medicines or biologics for severe disease
- Regular monitoring and, in the long term, bowel-cancer surveillance
- Good nutrition and staying hydrated
- Surgery to remove the colon in severe or non-responding cases
When to see a doctor urgently
- Frequent bloody diarrhoea, especially more than 6 times a day
- High fever, fast heart rate or severe tummy pain
- Signs of dehydration or feeling very unwell
- A flare that is not responding to treatment
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about ulcerative colitis. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Does ulcerative colitis increase cancer risk?
Long-standing, extensive colitis raises the risk of bowel cancer over time, which is why regular colonoscopy surveillance is advised. Good control lowers the risk.
Can diet cure ulcerative colitis?
Diet does not cure it, but eating well and staying hydrated support treatment. Medicines are the mainstay for controlling inflammation.
Explore more
MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.