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Slipped Disc (Herniated Disc)
A slipped or herniated disc happens when the soft centre of a spinal disc pushes out and presses on nearby nerves. It commonly causes back pain that can shoot down a leg or arm.
Causes & risk factors
- Age-related disc wear
- Sudden heavy or awkward lifting
- Bending and twisting repeatedly
- Being overweight
- Prolonged sitting and poor posture
- Sudden injury or fall
Common symptoms
- Back or neck pain
- Numbness or tingling in a limb
- Pain shooting down the leg (sciatica) or arm
- Muscle weakness in the affected limb
- Pain worse on coughing, sneezing or sitting
Tests & diagnosis
Treatment & management
- Short rest, then gradual return to gentle activity
- Physiotherapy and core-strengthening exercises
- Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medicines as advised
- Correct posture and safe lifting techniques
- Nerve-root injection in selected cases
- Surgery if there is severe or progressive nerve damage
When to see a doctor urgently
- Loss of bladder or bowel control (emergency)
- Numbness around the groin or inner thighs
- Rapidly worsening leg weakness
- Severe pain not settling with treatment
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about slipped disc (herniated disc). It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Does a slipped disc always need surgery?
No. Most people improve within weeks with rest, physiotherapy and pain relief. Surgery is reserved for severe or worsening nerve compression.
Is complete bed rest good for a slipped disc?
Prolonged bed rest can weaken muscles and delay recovery. Short rest followed by gentle activity and exercises works better.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.