MedDroid
Ask MedDroid
Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a sideways curve of the spine, often shaped like an "S" or "C". It commonly appears during the growth spurt of adolescence and ranges from mild to severe.
Causes & risk factors
- Unknown cause in most cases (idiopathic)
- Present at birth (congenital spine changes)
- Nerve or muscle conditions (such as cerebral palsy)
- Age-related spine degeneration in adults
- Family history
Common symptoms
- Uneven shoulders or waist
- One shoulder blade sticking out more
- Body leaning to one side
- Back pain, more common in adults
- A visible curve of the spine
Tests & diagnosis
Treatment & management
- Regular monitoring for mild curves
- Physiotherapy and posture exercises
- A back brace for growing children with moderate curves
- Surgery to straighten and stabilise severe curves
- Pain management for adults
When to see a doctor urgently
- A visible or worsening spinal curve in a child
- Uneven shoulders, hips or waist
- Back pain with breathing difficulty
- Numbness, weakness or changes in bladder or bowel control
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about scoliosis. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Does scoliosis always need surgery?
No. Many mild curves only need monitoring. Bracing helps growing children, and surgery is reserved for severe or progressing curves.
Can exercise straighten scoliosis?
Exercise cannot correct the curve itself but improves posture, strength and comfort, and is a useful part of overall management.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.