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Sciatica Pain
Sciatica is pain that runs from the lower back down the leg along the sciatic nerve, usually from pressure on the nerve. When it becomes persistent, a pain-management approach can help.
Causes & risk factors
- A slipped (herniated) disc pressing on the nerve
- Narrowing of the spinal canal
- Wear-and-tear changes in the spine
- Muscle spasm in the buttock
- Rarely, a growth pressing on the nerve
Common symptoms
- Lower back pain
- Shooting or burning pain down one leg
- Numbness or tingling in the leg
- Leg weakness
- Pain worse on sitting or coughing
Tests & diagnosis
- Clinical assessment
- MRI spine (if severe or persistent)
- Nerve conduction study
Treatment & management
- Staying gently active and physiotherapy
- Simple pain relief and nerve-pain medicine
- Steroid injections around the nerve in some cases
- Pain-management techniques and pacing
- Surgery only if severe or persistent
When to see a doctor urgently
- Numbness around the back passage or new bladder or bowel problems — call your local emergency number now
- Worsening leg weakness
- Sciatica with fever, weight loss or after a serious injury
- Severe pain not improving after a few weeks
Frequently asked questions
Why does sciatica hurt down the leg?
The sciatic nerve runs from the lower back into the leg. When it is compressed or irritated, pain, tingling or numbness is felt along its path, often below the knee, rather than only in the back.
Can injections help sciatica?
For persistent nerve pain, a steroid injection around the nerve can reduce inflammation and ease symptoms in some people, alongside exercise and pain relief. A specialist can advise if it is suitable.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.