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PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)
PCOS is a common hormone condition in women of reproductive age causing irregular periods, excess male-type hormones and, often, difficulty with ovulation. It is closely linked to insulin resistance.
Causes & risk factors
- Insulin resistance
- Higher levels of male-type hormones (androgens)
- Genetic and family tendency
- Excess weight, which worsens the hormone imbalance
Common symptoms
- Irregular or missed periods
- Acne
- Excess facial or body hair
- Weight gain
- Difficulty getting pregnant
- Hair thinning on the scalp
- Tiredness
Tests & diagnosis
- TSH
- Testosterone
- Fasting sugar
- HbA1c
- Pelvic ultrasound
- LH, FSH and prolactin
Treatment & management
- Weight loss and exercise, which improve periods and fertility
- Hormonal treatment to regulate periods
- Medicines to improve insulin sensitivity where indicated
- Treatments for acne and excess hair
- Ovulation support when trying to conceive
When to see a doctor urgently
- Periods that are absent or very irregular
- Difficulty conceiving after trying for a year
- Troublesome acne or excess hair growth
- Very heavy or prolonged bleeding
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about pcos (polycystic ovary syndrome). It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Can women with PCOS get pregnant?
Yes. Many conceive naturally or with help such as weight loss and ovulation-inducing treatment. Early advice improves the chances.
Is PCOS linked to diabetes?
Yes. Insulin resistance is central to PCOS, raising the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, so blood sugar should be checked periodically.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.