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Heart Failure
The heart becomes too weak or stiff to pump blood effectively, so fluid backs up in the lungs and body. It is a long-term condition that can be managed.
Causes & risk factors
- Previous heart attack or coronary artery disease
- Long-standing high blood pressure
- Heart valve disease
- Cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease)
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Excess alcohol or certain infections
Common symptoms
- Breathlessness, worse lying flat
- Swollen ankles and legs
- Tiredness and weakness
- Palpitations
- Persistent cough or wheeze
- Sudden weight gain from fluid
Tests & diagnosis
- ECG
- Echocardiogram
- Kidney function
- Electrolytes
- Chest X-ray
- BNP / NT-proBNP blood test
Treatment & management
- Limit salt and fluid as advised; weigh yourself daily
- Medicines to remove excess fluid (diuretics) and ease strain on the heart
- Treat the underlying cause (blocked arteries, valves, BP)
- Devices such as pacemakers or defibrillators in selected patients
- Cardiac rehabilitation and gradual exercise
When to see a doctor urgently
- Call emergency services for severe breathlessness, blue lips or chest pain
- See your doctor for rapid weight gain or worsening leg swelling
- Get urgent review if you cannot lie flat to sleep
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about heart failure. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Does heart failure mean my heart is about to stop?
No. It means the heart is not pumping as well as it should. Many people live for years with the right treatment.
Why do I need to weigh myself daily?
A sudden gain often signals fluid build-up, so treatment can be adjusted early.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.