Bronchiolitis
Bronchiolitis is a common chest infection in babies that inflames the tiny airways, causing a cough and fast breathing. Most cases are mild, but young babies need watching.
Causes & risk factors
- Viruses, most often RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
- Spread by coughs, sneezes and contact
- Most common in babies under 2, especially in winter
- Higher risk in premature or very young babies
Common symptoms
Tests & diagnosis
- Usually diagnosed clinically
- Oxygen level check (pulse oximetry)
- Nasal swab for the virus (in hospital)
Treatment & management
- Most babies recover at home with supportive care
- Small, frequent feeds and keeping the baby hydrated
- Saline nose drops and gentle suction before feeds
- Hospital care with oxygen or feeding support for more severe cases
- Antibiotics do not help — it is a viral illness
When to see a doctor urgently
- Fast or difficult breathing, ribs pulling in, or pauses in breathing — seek urgent care
- Blue lips or the baby going pale and floppy — emergency
- Feeding much less or fewer wet nappies — urgent
- A baby under 3 months with symptoms — get seen promptly
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about bronchiolitis. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
How is bronchiolitis different from a cold?
It starts like a cold but the virus spreads to the small airways, causing wheeze, fast breathing and feeding difficulty, especially in babies. That breathing effort is the key difference to watch.
Do inhalers or antibiotics help?
Generally no. Bronchiolitis is viral, so antibiotics do not help, and inhalers usually make little difference. Treatment is supportive — feeding, fluids and oxygen if needed.
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MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.