Anal Fissure
An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the back passage, usually from passing a hard stool. It causes sharp pain and a little bleeding when going to the toilet.
Causes & risk factors
- Passing large or hard stools (constipation)
- Long-term diarrhoea
- Straining during childbirth
- Tight anal muscles
- Inflammatory bowel disease (less commonly)
Common symptoms
Tests & diagnosis
- Gentle examination of the back passage
- Usually no other tests are needed
- Proctoscopy or colonoscopy if the cause is unclear
- CBC if bleeding is significant
Treatment & management
- Soften stools with more fibre, fluids and, if needed, a stool softener
- Warm sitz baths to relax the muscle and ease pain
- Creams to relax the anal muscle and improve blood flow
- Avoid straining and prolonged sitting on the toilet
- Minor surgery or Botox for fissures that do not heal
When to see a doctor urgently
- Pain or bleeding that does not settle in a few weeks
- Heavy bleeding or dark blood mixed with stool
- A change in bowel habit or unexplained weight loss
- Fever or discharge suggesting infection
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about anal fissure. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
How long does an anal fissure take to heal?
Most heal within a few weeks once stools are kept soft and straining is avoided. A fissure lasting more than 6-8 weeks is called chronic and may need a procedure.
Is an anal fissure the same as piles?
No. A fissure is a tear that causes sharp pain on passing stool; piles are swollen blood vessels that more often itch or bleed painlessly. They can occur together.
Explore more
MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.