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Hepatitis C Antibody (Anti-HCV) Test: normal range & what your result means
Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS · Last reviewed
Medically reviewedThe anti-HCV test checks whether you have ever been exposed to the hepatitis C virus. A positive result needs a second test to see if the infection is still active — and active hepatitis C is curable.
About the test
Why the hepatitis C test test is done
- Screening before surgery, dialysis, blood donation or in pregnancy
- Raised liver enzymes or signs of liver disease
- Past blood transfusion, unsafe injections, shared needles, tattoos with unsterile equipment
Reference range
Typical adult range
| Measure | Typical adult range |
|---|---|
| Normal result | Non-reactive (negative) |
| Reactive | Antibodies present — needs HCV RNA test |
Typical adult range; labs differ — use the range on your report. Ranges also vary with age, sex, pregnancy and the method used. Your doctor interprets the result alongside your symptoms and history.
Results
What a REACTIVE (positive) result can mean
- You have been exposed to hepatitis C at some point
- It may be a current infection or one your body has cleared — an HCV RNA (viral load) test tells which
- Rarely, a false-positive result
Results
What a NON-REACTIVE (negative) result means
- No antibodies found — usually means no hepatitis C infection
- A very recent exposure (in the past few months) can be missed; a repeat test may be advised
Preparation
Before the test
- No fasting needed
- Tell the doctor about any known exposure and when it happened
Red flags
When to get urgent help
- Yellow eyes, confusion, vomiting blood or black stools — seek urgent care
- Swelling of the tummy or legs with known liver disease
Explore more
Related pages
References
Sources & further reading
Frequently asked questions
Does a positive anti-HCV mean I have hepatitis C?
Not necessarily. It shows past or present exposure. An HCV RNA test is needed to confirm whether the virus is still active.
Is hepatitis C curable?
Yes. Modern antiviral treatment cures most people with active hepatitis C. A liver specialist or physician decides on treatment.
How is hepatitis C spread?
Mainly through blood — unsafe injections, shared needles or razors, unsterile tattoos, and older blood transfusions. It is not spread by casual contact or sharing food.