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Bloating: causes, warning signs & what to do
A tight, full or swollen tummy is usually down to gas, diet or IBS. Persistent bloating, particularly in women, occasionally needs investigation.
Common causes of bloating
- Gas from certain foods (beans, fizzy drinks, dairy)
- Constipation
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Food intolerance (e.g. lactose)
- Swallowing air; eating quickly
- Rarely, ovarian or bowel disease
When to see a doctor urgently
- Persistent bloating with weight loss or loss of appetite — get reviewed
- Bloating with blood in stool or a change in bowel habit
- New, persistent bloating in a woman (possible ovarian cause)
- Severe pain with a hard, distended abdomen
Frequently asked questions
What foods cause bloating?
Common triggers are beans, onions, cabbage, fizzy drinks, and dairy if you are lactose intolerant. Eating slowly and keeping a food diary helps identify yours.
When is bloating a warning sign?
Persistent bloating with weight loss, appetite loss, or a change in bowel habit — especially new in women — should be checked by a doctor.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.