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Phenobarbital (Phenobarbitone): uses, side effects & brands
Phenobarbital is an older, effective but sedating epilepsy medicine. It belongs to the Anti-epileptic (extra) group. More seizure medicines, some also used for nerve pain, migraine or mood.
Drug type — dosing is set by your doctor
| Measure | Range |
|---|---|
| Drug class | Anti-epileptic (extra) |
| Type | Prescription |
| Dose | Individual — ask your doctor or pharmacist |
What it is used for
- Epilepsy (many seizure types)
- Seizures in newborn babies
- Emergency control of prolonged seizures (injection)
Common brand names
- India: Gardenal, Phenobarb
- Worldwide: Luminal
Common side effects
- Drowsiness and sluggishness
- Hyperactivity or irritability in children
- Unsteadiness
- Poor concentration
Before taking it — precautions
- Avoid alcohol and other sedatives; dangerous combination
- Interacts with many medicines including contraceptive pills and warfarin
- Tell your doctor about liver disease, breathing problems or porphyria
When to see a doctor urgently
- Very slow breathing or extreme drowsiness (urgent)
- Severe rash or blistering (urgent)
- Suicidal thoughts or mood change
Frequently asked questions
Why is phenobarbital still used?
It is effective, low-cost and widely available, so it remains important in many countries, especially for newborn seizures.
Can I stop it suddenly?
No. Stopping suddenly can cause severe withdrawal and seizures; it must be reduced slowly by your doctor.
Will it affect my other medicines?
Yes. It speeds the breakdown of many medicines, so always tell your doctor and pharmacist you take it.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.