Ketoconazole: uses, side effects & brands

Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS · Last reviewed 5 November 2026

Ketoconazole is used mainly as a shampoo/cream for dandruff and skin fungal infections. It belongs to the Antifungal group. Antifungals treat fungal infections of the skin, nails, mouth or internal organs.

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Drug type — dosing is set by your doctor

Measure	Range
Drug class	Antifungal
Type	Prescription
Dose	Individual — ask your doctor or pharmacist

What it is used for

Dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis (shampoo)
Ringworm and other skin fungal infections (cream)
Pityriasis versicolor (patchy skin discolouration)

Common brand names

India: Ketostar, Nizral, Danruf
Worldwide: Nizoral

Common side effects

Mild itching or burning on the skin
Dry or oily hair or scalp
Skin irritation

Before taking it — precautions

Avoid getting the shampoo in the eyes
Tablets are rarely used now because of liver risk — only under specialist care
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding

When to see a doctor urgently

Severe redness, swelling or blistering after use — stop
Yellow eyes/skin or dark urine if taking tablets (urgent)
Severe allergy — face swelling or breathing difficulty (urgent)

Not a prescription — no dose shown. The right dose of ketoconazole depends on age, weight, kidney/liver function and the condition, so MedDroid does not show a dose here. Always get your dose from a doctor or pharmacist and the leaflet inside the pack. General educational information only.

Frequently asked questions

How do I use the shampoo?

Lather and leave it on the scalp for a few minutes before rinsing, as directed. It is used regularly at first, then less often to prevent relapse.

Why are ketoconazole tablets rarely used?

Tablets can cause serious liver damage, so safer antifungals are preferred.

Will it stop dandruff permanently?

It controls dandruff but it often returns; occasional ongoing use helps keep it away.

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Sources & further reading

Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.