Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS· Last reviewed
Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly worsening allergic reaction that can be fatal within minutes. Adrenaline is the only first-line treatment — use it without hesitation and call emergency services.
1. Use an adrenaline auto-injector (EpiPen) immediately into the outer thigh.
2. Call emergency services and say “anaphylaxis”.
3. Lie the person flat and raise their legs (sit up only if breathing is very hard; do not stand them up).
4. If no improvement after 5 minutes, give a second auto-injector if available.
5. If they stop breathing, start CPR.
6. Even if they recover, they must go to hospital — symptoms can return.
When to see a doctor urgently
Signs: swelling of the lips/throat, difficulty breathing/wheeze, widespread hives, collapse
Never delay adrenaline — antihistamines alone are NOT enough for anaphylaxis
Do not let the person stand or walk (it can worsen the collapse)
Always go to hospital afterwards, even if they improve
Adrenaline first, without delay. Adrenaline is safe and life-saving in anaphylaxis; hesitation costs lives. Antihistamines and inhalers do not replace it. This is not a substitute for emergency care. Call your local emergency number.
Frequently asked questions
How do I use an adrenaline auto-injector?
Remove the safety cap, press the tip firmly into the middle of the outer thigh (through clothing if needed) until it clicks, and hold for the stated seconds. Then call emergency services.
Can I just give antihistamines for a severe reaction?
No — antihistamines are too slow and weak for anaphylaxis. Adrenaline is the essential first treatment; give it immediately.
Do we still go to hospital if they get better?
Yes — always. Anaphylaxis can return after the adrenaline wears off, so hospital monitoring is needed.
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.