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Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a condition where patches of skin lose their colour because the pigment-making cells stop working. It is not harmful or contagious but can affect confidence.
Causes & risk factors
- Autoimmune loss of pigment cells (melanocytes)
- Genetic predisposition
- Family history
- Sometimes triggered by stress or skin injury
- Linked to some thyroid and autoimmune conditions
Common symptoms
- White or pale patches on the skin
- Patches often on the face, hands and around openings
- Symmetrical patches in many cases
- Premature whitening of hair in the affected area
- Patches that may slowly enlarge
Tests & diagnosis
- Clinical skin examination
- Wood's lamp examination
- Thyroid function test
- Skin biopsy in unclear cases
Treatment & management
- Topical creams to help restore colour, as prescribed
- Light (phototherapy) treatment
- Sun protection for pale patches
- Cosmetic camouflage for cover
- Emotional support and counselling if needed
When to see a doctor urgently
- New or spreading pale patches
- Patches affecting confidence or wellbeing
- Symptoms of a related thyroid problem
- Sunburn on affected patches
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about vitiligo. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Is vitiligo contagious?
No. Vitiligo cannot be passed from person to person. It happens when pigment-making cells in the skin stop working.
Can vitiligo be treated?
Treatments such as creams and light therapy can restore some colour, especially when started early, though results vary between people.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.