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Social Anxiety Disorder
Social anxiety disorder is an intense fear of social situations and being judged by others, which can lead to avoidance. It is common and responds well to therapy.
Causes & risk factors
- A mix of temperament, experiences and biology
- Family history of anxiety
- Negative or embarrassing past experiences
- An over-active fear response in social settings
Common symptoms
- Intense fear of social or performance situations
- Worry about being judged or embarrassed
- Avoiding social events
- Palpitations in social settings
- Blushing, sweating or trembling
- Nausea before social events
Tests & diagnosis
- Clinical assessment
- Anxiety screening questionnaires
Treatment & management
- Cognitive behavioural therapy, which is very effective
- Gradual, supported exposure to feared situations
- Relaxation and confidence-building techniques
- Medicines for anxiety when appropriate
- Reducing caffeine and alcohol used to cope
When to see a doctor urgently
- Thoughts of harming yourself — get help immediately: contact a crisis line or call your local emergency number now
- Avoidance affecting work, study, friendships or daily life
- Relying on alcohol to face social situations
- Symptoms not improving with self-help
Frequently asked questions
Is social anxiety just shyness?
It is more intense than shyness. Social anxiety involves strong fear of judgement that leads to avoidance and distress, and interferes with daily life. It is a recognised, treatable condition.
What helps social anxiety?
Cognitive behavioural therapy, especially gradually facing feared situations with support, is highly effective. Medicines can also help. Small steps and professional guidance make a big difference.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.