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Sjogren's Syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the glands that make tears and saliva. This leads to dry eyes and a dry mouth.
Causes & risk factors
- Autoimmune reaction against moisture-producing glands
- Genetic predisposition
- Hormonal factors, more common in women
- Can occur with other autoimmune diseases such as RA or lupus
Common symptoms
- Persistent dry eyes with grittiness
- Dry mouth and difficulty swallowing dry food
- Joint pain
- Tiredness
- Dry skin
- Swelling of glands near the jaw
Tests & diagnosis
- ANA (antinuclear antibody)
- Anti-Ro (SSA) and anti-La (SSB) antibodies
- ESR
- Schirmer test for tear production
- Salivary gland biopsy
Treatment & management
- Artificial tears and eye lubricants
- Sipping water and saliva substitutes for dry mouth
- Good dental care to prevent decay
- Medicines to stimulate saliva or calm inflammation, as prescribed
- Regular eye and dental check-ups
When to see a doctor urgently
- Persistent dry eyes and dry mouth
- Difficulty swallowing or frequent dental decay
- Painful, swollen glands
- New joint pain or unexplained tiredness
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about sjogren's syndrome. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Is Sjogren's syndrome only about dry eyes and mouth?
Those are the main symptoms, but it can also cause joint pain, fatigue and, less commonly, affect other organs, so regular follow-up is important.
Can Sjogren's syndrome be cured?
There is no cure, but treatments relieve dryness and protect the eyes and teeth. Most people manage well with ongoing care.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.