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PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease)
PCOD is when the ovaries make many immature eggs that turn into small cysts, leading to irregular periods and hormone symptoms. Lifestyle changes make a big difference.
Causes & risk factors
- Hormone imbalance with higher male-type hormones
- Insulin resistance
- Being overweight
- Family history
- Sedentary lifestyle and diet high in refined carbs
Common symptoms
- Irregular or delayed periods
- Weight gain, especially around the tummy
- Extra facial and body hair
- Acne and oily skin
- Pelvic discomfort
- Difficulty conceiving
Tests & diagnosis
- Testosterone / androgens
- Thyroid function (TFT)
- Fasting blood sugar
- HbA1c
- Pelvic ultrasound
Treatment & management
- Weight loss through diet and regular exercise is the cornerstone
- Cut down on sugary and refined foods
- Hormone pills to regularise periods if advised
- Medicines to improve insulin sensitivity in some cases
- Ovulation support if you are trying to conceive
When to see a doctor urgently
- Periods absent for several months
- Rapidly increasing hair growth or acne
- Trouble conceiving after a year of trying
- Very heavy or prolonged bleeding
Frequently asked questions
Is PCOD different from PCOS?
They overlap and are often used interchangeably in India. PCOD generally describes ovaries with many small cysts and milder features; PCOS is a broader hormone and metabolic syndrome. Your doctor will guide which applies.
Can PCOD be cured?
There is no one-time cure, but it is very manageable. Weight control, a healthy diet and exercise can normalise periods and reduce symptoms, sometimes without long-term medicine.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.