Menopause
Menopause is when periods stop for good, usually around the late 40s to early 50s. The hormone changes can bring hot flushes, mood and sleep changes, which can be managed.
Causes & risk factors
- Natural fall in oestrogen as the ovaries wind down
- Age — typically 45 to 55
- Surgery to remove the ovaries (surgical menopause)
- Chemotherapy or radiotherapy
- Early menopause (before 40) in some women
Common symptoms
Tests & diagnosis
Treatment & management
- Lifestyle: regular exercise, layered clothing, limiting caffeine and alcohol
- Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) helps many women — discuss risks and benefits
- Vaginal moisturisers or local oestrogen for dryness
- Calcium, vitamin D and weight-bearing exercise for bones
- Support for mood and sleep; talk therapies can help
When to see a doctor urgently
- Any bleeding after periods have fully stopped — get seen
- Symptoms badly affecting your daily life or mood
- Periods stopping before age 40
- Very heavy or prolonged bleeding during the transition
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about menopause. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Is bleeding after menopause normal?
No. Any vaginal bleeding after your periods have stopped for a year should always be checked by a doctor, as it needs to be investigated.
Is HRT safe?
For many women the benefits outweigh the risks, especially when started around the time of menopause. It is a personal decision — your doctor will weigh your health history with you.
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MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.