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Melasma
Melasma causes brown or grey-brown patches on the face, usually on the cheeks, forehead and upper lip. It is common in women and often linked to sun exposure and hormones.
Causes & risk factors
- Sun (UV) exposure
- Hormonal changes (pregnancy, contraceptive pills)
- Genetic predisposition
- More common in women and darker skin tones
- Certain cosmetics or medicines
Common symptoms
- Brown or grey-brown facial patches
- Patches on the cheeks, forehead and upper lip
- Symmetrical patches on both sides
- Darkening with sun exposure
- No itching or pain
Tests & diagnosis
- Clinical skin examination
- Wood's lamp examination
- Dermoscopy
Treatment & management
- Strict daily sunscreen and sun avoidance
- Skin-lightening creams as prescribed
- Chemical peels or laser in selected cases
- Reviewing hormonal triggers where relevant
- Gentle skincare and patience, as treatment is gradual
When to see a doctor urgently
- Facial patches that are spreading or darkening
- Patches affecting confidence
- Uncertainty about whether a mark is melasma
- No response to sun protection and creams
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about melasma. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Does melasma go away after pregnancy?
Pregnancy-related melasma often fades within months of delivery, but it can persist. Sun protection helps it improve and prevents worsening.
Why is sunscreen so important for melasma?
Sunlight is a major trigger. Daily broad-spectrum sunscreen is the most important step to prevent darkening and help treatments work.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.