MedDroid
Ask MedDroid
Gynaecomastia Surgery
Gynaecomastia is enlargement of breast tissue in men. When it is persistent and troubling, surgery can remove the excess tissue and improve the chest contour.
Causes & risk factors
- Hormonal imbalance (oestrogen and testosterone)
- Puberty (often temporary)
- Ageing
- Certain medicines or drugs
- Obesity
- Some medical conditions
Common symptoms
- Enlarged breast tissue in a male
- A firm lump under the nipple
- Tenderness of the breast area
- Concerns about chest appearance
- Involvement of one or both sides
Tests & diagnosis
- Clinical examination
- Testosterone
- Thyroid function test
- Liver function test
- Ultrasound or mammogram in selected cases
Treatment & management
- Identifying and addressing any underlying cause
- Reviewing any medicines that may contribute
- Weight loss where relevant
- Surgery to remove excess tissue or fat for persistent cases
- Wearing a compression garment after surgery
- Follow-up during recovery
When to see a doctor urgently
- A firm, hard or fixed breast lump
- A lump with skin changes or nipple discharge
- Rapidly enlarging or one-sided breast tissue
- Persistent enlargement causing distress
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about gynaecomastia surgery. It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Does gynaecomastia always need surgery?
No. Puberty-related cases often settle on their own, and some are linked to reversible causes. Surgery is considered when it is persistent and troubling.
Is a male breast lump always gynaecomastia?
Most are benign gynaecomastia, but a hard, fixed or one-sided lump, or one with skin or nipple changes, should be checked to rule out other causes.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.