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Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, is a common condition that makes the skin dry, itchy and inflamed. It often starts in childhood and tends to come and go.
Causes & risk factors
- A sensitive skin barrier that loses moisture
- A tendency to allergies (atopy) that runs in families
- Triggers: soaps, heat, sweat, rough fabrics
- Allergens like dust mites or pet dander
- Stress and dry weather
Common symptoms
- Itching, often intense
- Dry, red, inflamed patches
- Cracked or scaly skin
- Skin thickening from scratching
- Worse in skin creases (elbows, knees)
Tests & diagnosis
- Usually diagnosed by examination
- Allergy testing if triggers suspected
- Skin swab if infection is suspected
- Patch testing for contact triggers
Treatment & management
- Regular moisturisers (emollients) as the mainstay
- Steroid creams for flare-ups
- Avoiding soaps and known triggers
- Treating skin infections when they occur
- Specialist treatments for severe eczema
When to see a doctor urgently
- Skin that is weeping, crusted or very painful (possible infection)
- Widespread painful blistering with fever — urgent care
- Eczema not improving with usual treatment
- Sleep or daily life badly affected by itching
Not a diagnosis. MedDroid gives general educational information about atopic dermatitis (eczema). It cannot examine you, diagnose or prescribe — always confirm with a qualified doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Is eczema contagious?
No. Eczema cannot be caught from someone else. It relates to a sensitive skin barrier and a tendency to allergies.
Why do moisturisers matter so much?
They repair and protect the skin barrier, reducing dryness and flare-ups. Using them regularly, even when the skin looks clear, is key.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.