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Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, gradually affecting memory and thinking. Early support and planning help people live as well as possible for longer.
Causes & risk factors
- Build-up of abnormal proteins in the brain over years
- Age is the biggest risk factor
- Family history and genetic factors
- Heart and blood-vessel risks (high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking)
- Head injury and inactivity may contribute
Common symptoms
- Forgetting recent events and conversations
- Repeating questions
- Difficulty finding words
- Getting lost in familiar places
- Trouble with planning and decisions
- Changes in mood and personality
Tests & diagnosis
- Memory and cognitive assessment
- MRI or CT brain scan
- Vitamin B12
- Thyroid function (TFT)
Treatment & management
- Medicines that can ease symptoms for a time in some people
- Routines, memory aids and a safe, familiar environment
- Staying physically, mentally and socially active
- Support and respite for family carers
- Managing heart and blood-vessel health
- Planning care and legal matters early
When to see a doctor urgently
- Memory changes that interfere with daily life — get assessed
- A sudden increase in confusion — seek prompt care (possible other cause)
- Safety concerns such as getting lost or leaving the stove on
- Distress, low mood or behaviour that is hard to cope with
Frequently asked questions
Is Alzheimer's inherited?
Most cases are not directly inherited, though family history and genes raise the risk somewhat. Rare early-onset forms can run strongly in families. A healthy heart and active lifestyle help lower risk.
Does treatment slow it down?
There is no cure, but some medicines can ease symptoms for a period, and good support, activity and management of other health problems help people live well for longer.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.