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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
ADHD is a condition affecting attention, activity levels and impulse control. It often starts in childhood and can continue into adulthood, and effective support and treatment are available.
Causes & risk factors
- A strong genetic and biological component
- Family history of ADHD
- Differences in brain development
- Premature birth or low birth weight
- Not caused by parenting or diet alone
Common symptoms
- Difficulty focusing or being easily distracted
- Restlessness or fidgeting
- Acting on impulse
- Forgetfulness and disorganisation
- Difficulty finishing tasks
- Trouble waiting or taking turns
Tests & diagnosis
- Detailed clinical assessment
- Rating scales and reports from home/school
- Assessment to exclude other conditions
Treatment & management
- Behavioural strategies, routines and organisation tools
- Support at school or work
- Talking therapies and coaching
- Medicines for ADHD when appropriate
- Involving family and educators
When to see a doctor urgently
- Symptoms causing difficulty at school, work or in relationships
- A child struggling with attention, learning or behaviour
- Low mood, anxiety or thoughts of self-harm alongside ADHD — seek help promptly
- Wanting an assessment for suspected ADHD
Frequently asked questions
Can adults have ADHD?
Yes. ADHD often continues into adulthood, though symptoms may change — restlessness may become inner restlessness, and inattention and disorganisation are common. Assessment and support help at any age.
Is ADHD caused by too much screen time or sugar?
No. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition with strong genetic and biological roots. Screens and diet may affect behaviour generally but do not cause ADHD.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.