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Cardiac & Thoracic Surgery
Cardiac and thoracic surgeons operate on the heart, major vessels and chest — bypass surgery, valve repair and lung operations.
Conditions treated
- Coronary bypass (CABG)
- Heart valve repair/replacement
- Congenital heart defects
- Aortic aneurysm surgery
- Lung surgery
- Chest wall & thoracic tumours
- Pacemaker/device surgery
Common symptoms
Tests & procedures
Conditions we cover in Cardiac & Thoracic Surgery
- Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)
- Heart Valve Replacement Surgery
- Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
- Congenital Heart Defect Surgery
- Heart Transplant
- Lung Cancer Surgery
- Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung)
- Esophageal Cancer
- Mediastinal Tumor
- Pectus Excavatum (Sunken Chest)
When to see a doctor urgently
- Severe chest pain — emergency (call for help now)
- Known severe blockages or valve disease needing surgery
- Worsening breathlessness with heart disease
- A referral from your cardiologist for surgery
Frequently asked questions
What is a coronary bypass (CABG)?
Bypass surgery reroutes blood around blocked heart arteries using a graft, restoring blood flow. It is considered when blockages are severe or unsuitable for stents.
When is heart valve surgery needed?
When a valve is severely narrowed or leaking and causing symptoms or strain on the heart. Your cardiologist and surgeon decide on repair vs replacement.
Explore more
Sources & further reading
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- MedlinePlus — U.S. National Library of Medicine
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Anbu, MBBS. MedDroid is an AI medical assistant and can make mistakes. It provides general health information, not a diagnosis or medical advice — always consult a qualified clinician. In an emergency, contact your local emergency number immediately.